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Monday, January 21, 2008

Building a cold smoker (smokehouse)



My original smokehouse plan was to make something big enough to cold smoke two pigs worth of hams and bacon at a time. I only butcher pigs once or twice a year for curing,....but I cook several pigs a year on my cinderblock pit.
I wanted a smoke box that I could set right on my block pit, and run a pipe from a separate smoke/fire box to create the cold smoke. Use my cinderblock cooker for both hot smoking and cold.
As it turned out, I decided (after I built the box) to make the little smokehouse permanent.






The box is constructed from some untreated lumber I had on hand.





I purchased the smoke stack....it has a damper built in.
I made a rain cap for the stack using hanging iron straps and a regular old cake pan....it's attached with nuts and bolts. I painted the pan with rust resistant high heat paint. The top of the smoke stack is covered with screen, held on by a hose clamp. (to keep the bugs out)

I covered the top of the little smokehouse with metal.






Caulk around the bottom of the smoke stack.


For shelves and dowel holders, I drilled holes into a 2x4.....then cut the 2x4 down the middle.













These are attached with screws to the inside of the little house.







The dowels rest in the grooves.




I made another rod holder the same way and use it to hold racks.




The base of the smokehouse is made of cinderblocks.....I used the dry stack method. No mortar is used, the blocks are dry stacked, rebar is ran through every other hole and filled with quickcrete.
The remaining holes are filled with dirt and the whole thing is capped off using quickcrete.

A hole is left for the smoke pipe. This was made using 1" metal tubing frame and a metal plate in front. Cut a hole the size of your smokepipe.


One picture I did not get....the bottom of the smokehouse has a metal strip attached to protect it from direct contact with the quickcrete/block base.

When filling the cinder blocks with quickcrete....I ran 18" metal straps inside the corner cinderblocks before the quickcrete dried. I used these straps to tie down the smokehouse.





The fire or smoke box is a barrel cut down to about 1/4 in size. Three 3/4" nipples with caps are added for air flow.



One ball valve is also added for air flow.




The fire grate is expanded metal reinforced with 1" tubing to keep it from warping over time.



I did attach small "feet" made from the same 1" tubing to keep the grate above my air nipples and valve.


The stove pipe running from the base of the smokehouse to the smoke/fire box.


I added a damper/valve between my fire/smoke box and my stove pipe for extra smoke/heat control.

The fire/smoke box, getting a paint job with high temperature grill paint.


The fire/smoke box.
For weather protection the wood is covered with a weather proof clear coating.
The base is covered with two thin layers of mortar.
It's ready to go!



The finished house is 6'7"tall, 4 'wide and 3'deep.


49 comments:

Anonymous said...

Awesome. Great how-to. I'm going to have to make one of these. Bet the finished product is great. Do you use it to preserve any meats? Or just for flavoring?

cowgirl said...

Thanks! I use it for preserving too. It's working out great for me. :)

Hassan said...

Nice little project. I would love to pick your brain for a number of ideas. I own 80 acres in upstate NY. Last year I had a 1 acre pond put in which is being stocked with trout. I would like to put in a smaller shallower pond to raise shrimp. Where do you buy your shrimp? How much work in care and feeding? I would appreciate any help. Email is hassanhamza AT verizon.com. Thanks.

Aaron said...

Inspired and inspiring...

I’m thinking of putting together my own cold smoker with an old wine barrel and a pot bellied stove...

Any hints and tips you could pass on... recipes, smoking times etc...

Would love to see how some salmon or trout does in there...

cowgirl said...

Thank you Aaron! I like your wine barrel/stove idea, I'm sure it would make a nice cold smoker.
Please feel free to contact me, I'm always ready to discuss smoking ideas and recipes.

Anonymous said...

Great project! What is your process for fire, what type of wood, how much, does temp matter in the actual house? Also the barrel you cut down, was it a 55 gal barrel? One last question, why so many air holes if you only put one ball valve in? Thanks.

cowgirl said...

Thanks anonymous!
I use hard wood for my heat..not many choices around here but my favorite is hedgewood. I also use it in my hot smoker, underground and cinderblock pit at times. Then I use a different wood for the smoke....as in hickory, fruit woods, mesquite, etc..
It definately does not take much wood to get smoke...just a little for the heat and a few chunks for the smoke.
I keep the temperature in my smokehouse under 160...usually cold smoke under 100 degrees...depends on what I am smoking. I like to use a temperature of 65 to 70 degrees for spices, nuts, etc., but use a higher temp for jerky. All meats cold smoked have to be cured first.
I have a thermometer inserted on the left side of the door. It is about 15 inches long. It lets me know the temperature at the bottom level of any hanging meat or sausages.
The firebox was a 55 gal barrel, it's cut down to maybe 1/4 in size. The air holes are on each side of the firebox...they really do help keep the fire/hot coals at the temperature I need.
When I open one or two nipples for air intake, I can tweak or fine tune the temperature even more by adjusting the ball valve. Also by adjusting the air outlet on the top of the smokehouse.
The smoke in the firebox is cooled down before it hits the smokehouse.

Hope this helps you! If not, feel free to contact me.

Anonymous said...

Cowgirl, all of this looks awesome! I am in the process of gathering info to build a smokehouse for our farm. I would like to do fish, hams, bacon, venison, sausage, etc etc, but I am still a little confused. Can you explain to me the cold smoking thing as well as the hot. I assume the hot to be just like smoking anything. Can you smoke "hot" with the setup you have here? As for cold smoking, what do you have to do to prepare the meat first? It isnt cooked when done, right? How is meat stored if there wasnt refrigeration? Im just trying to get a full grasp. Thanks a ton!

Will

cowgirl said...

Hi Will, Thank you!
I use the house for cold smoking (hams/bacon) and drying ( as in jerky)...the meats have to be cured before smoking, and they are not cooked. I use dry cures, brines and combination cures.
Anything else gets smoked in my hot smoker.
Hams that are cured properly can be smoked then aged....or even aged then smoked. The aging process can take from several months to a year.
There is a lot of good information about cold smoking. Please feel free to contact me, I can point you to more detailed info. :)

cowgirl said...

Hassan said...
Nice little project. I would love to pick your brain for a number of ideas. I own 80 acres in upstate NY. Last year I had a 1 acre pond put in which is being stocked with trout. I would like to put in a smaller shallower pond to raise shrimp. Where do you buy your shrimp? How much work in care and feeding? I would appreciate any help. Email is hassanhamza AT verizon.com. Thanks.

July 31, 2008 10:04 PM

Hassan, I have tried e-mailing a reply to you, but cannot get your e-mail address to work. So sorry!! Please try contacting me again.
Thank you!
cowgirl

stevo said...

Cowgirl,
You are doing what I have been dreaming of for so very long. We purchased 100 acres in Rosebud Texas several years ago. Put in a 6 acre pond, for cat fish and a side pond for shrimp. I didn't do the shrimp because I thought it was hype. Thanks for reinspireing me. Almost finished with fencing in a 330' by 220' pig pen with its own small pond. A chicken coop and smoke house will follow.
Great looking recipes. I make my own "Red Wasp Hot Sauce". I make it from chili pequines. I am getting ready to bottle some up soon. Takes about a year to make because i age it. Will send you some if you would like.
I hope to learn how to make ham and bacon.
I could go on for quite a while but realize that space is limited.
Thank you for such a wondeful site.

Stevo

stephengardipee@hotmail.com

cowgirl said...

Hi Stevo,
Thank you!
Your place sounds great! I have contacted you via e-mail.

Anonymous said...

Great site cow girl, I have been searching the internet on "how to" smoke things, and found your site, and I must say that it is very good. You are very talented and ambitious, I am going to build a smokehouse, and I am really impressed with yours, so if you don't mind I may copy what you did, and may email once in a while for tech support.
Thanks Joe
Canada

cowgirl said...

Thank you Joe!

I really like my smokehouse, it was a fun build and it's working out great for me.

Feel free to contact me, and good luck with your smokehouse. :)

cowgirl

Snappybob said...

Hi,Cowgirl after Googling smokehouse plans, your is the best I have seen. I need to build one to dry venison sausage in. I'm assuming venison sausage does not get cured before drying. Down hered in south Texas it can get pretty humid. Would a small air conditioning unit help with keeeping the humidity down or will the smoke and what heat there is take care of that and prevent mildew problems?

cowgirl said...

Hi Snappybob, Thank you for the compliment, I appreciate it. :)

I do use a cure in the meat that I cold smoke. The temperature of cold smoking is so low and the length of time it takes to smoke, makes curing a must.
I am fond of Morton's Tenderquick, but there are other options.
I do not use a cure when making venison or beef jerky, but I think the high salt content in my marinade helps. If you want to play it safe, use the cure. :)

The meats I smoke in the smokehouse are not cooked, just smoked. I use my hot smoker anything I want cooked.

Today I'm cold smoking some slab bacon and canadian bacon using a bit of hickory and apple. Smells good so far. lol ... I love the smell of wood smoke. :)

There is no problem with humidity here where I live, but I do know that the proper draft on your smokehouse should take care of it.

Here is a link that has some great info about draft ...http://www.wedlinydomowe.com/smokehouse-draft.htm


Feel free to contact me if you have more questions. I might not know all the answers, but I'd be happy to try to point you to some sites that might be of help. :)

stevo said...

Cowgirl
Still enjoying your site. I am in the process of building my smokehouse. Mostly like yours with a tiny modification. I am taking pictures as I progress. I will send them when I get farther along.

stevo

cowgirl said...

That's great Stevo!
Can't wait to see your smokehouse pictures. :)

David said...

Hey Cowgirl,

I really like your Smokehouse. Your directions are very complete & easy to follow. What is the difference between Cold Smoke & Hot Smoke? I want to make BBQ do I need a Hot Smoker? If so what would I do different from what you have listed here?

Thanks,

David

cowgirl said...

Hi David,
Thanks!

Cold smoking flavors and preserves meat. Hot smoking cooks the meat...as in ribs, brisket, etc.

My smokehouse is for cold smoking only. I cure and smoke my own bacons and hams...also cold smoke spices, olives, cheeses, nuts, etc..

Here's an example of cold smoked...

http://cowgirlscountry.blogspot.com/2008/12/making-bacon-part-3-cold-smoking.html


For hot smoking, I use either my drum, horizontal wood burner or cinderblock pit... I can get the heat high enough in them to cook the food...

Here's my drum...
http://cowgirlscountry.blogspot.com/2008/05/my-uds-so-far.html

My horizontal wood burner....

http://cowgirlscountry.blogspot.com/2008/03/my-horizontal-wood-burner.html

You can get hot smokers about anyplace or make your own. They have wood burning smokers, electric, propane and charcoal. Which ever you like.

If you need any help, feel free to contact me.

mikey said...

That's one cute little smokehouse, cowgirl. Real creative way to make the rod holders.

cowgirl said...

Thank you Mikey! :)
I really get a lot of use out of that smokehouse. It's worked out well for me. :)

Good to see ya!

Phil said...

I just stumbled upon your blog after looking at different smoker plans for the past couple hours... this smokehouse and your drum smoker are exactly what I've been looking for! I'm going to try to talk my Dad into letting me build something similar to your smoke house at his place (I rent here), and will be building a hot smoker for use at my place.

Your blog is amazing! I'll definitely be adding it to my favs, and reading all your past posts for ideas =)

cowgirl said...

Phil, thank you!!

I've sure used both my smokehouse and drum a lot... I really like them. :)
Hope you have good luck with your build. I'd like to hear about it or see pictures when you get them going.
Also, if you have any questions, feel free to contact me.

Thanks again and thanks for checking out my blog. :)

BBQ And Smoking Junction said...

Very nicely done smokehouse. I am in the works on building one to hang sausages. I dont know how I want my smoke delivery done though yet, Maybe by a Bradley smoke generator or my turkey fryer burner.

cowgirl said...

Thank you Nepas!
I would love to see your smokehouse when you get it finished. :)

Renegade said...

Howdy Miss Cowgirl, What Kind of Lumber did you use to build the smokehouse out of other then untreated Lumber Miss ?

Renegade

cowgirl said...

Hi Renegade,

It's a variety of lumber but most of it is pine. I built it in 2006 and it's still working out great for me.
I've cold smoked a lot of things in it. Just sanded and put a new finish on the outside of it a couple of weeks ago.

Renegade said...

Howdy Miss Cowgirl ,

Well as an ex-carpenter and a current woodworker .You did a great job on the smokehouse Miss . What do you use to seal the outside of it if I may ask Miss ?.

Renegade

cowgirl said...

Wow, thank you for the kind words Renegade!
The first time I sealed it I just used a clear weather protector, but this last time I sanded it down, I went with a light stain/sealant combination.

The base has two layers of mortar.

I've never built a smokehouse before, but it's working out fine for me. :)

Renegade said...

Howdy Miss Cowgirl,

Your Very Welcome Miss. It is easy to give kind words to a Lady that deserves them like you do Miss .

Renegade

cowgirl said...

Renegade, you're a gentleman. Thank you!

Renegade said...

Howdy Miss Cowgirl,

Your Welcome Miss .Naw I ain't no gentleman Miss . Those there gentleman wear three piece suits and ties Miss lol. I wear jeans and boots and t-shirts Miss that just makes me a gentle man Miss LOL.

Renegade

cowgirl said...

LOL Renegade, I hadn't thought of it like that before. Thanks for explaining it to me!
I'm more of a boots and jeans person too. lol

Renegade said...

Howdy Miss Cowgirl,

Your Welcome Miss . I'm glad I could be of help Miss Cowgirl.

Renegade

anto said...

Hi Cowgirl

Great job im in the process of building your cold smoker.
im a bit confused about the cold smoking, ive seen on other sites they rise the temreture on the final smoke for some reason! thing is its summer and mackerel season in Dublin Ireland and i plan to smoke several hundred mackerel maybe you might answer a few questions for me please. can you tell me how to smoke them please? and brining them? also can you tell me the length of the pipe going into the smoker? and what type of wood to yous? i have apple trees oak and pair trees would they do.
sorry for all the questions and thanks in advance

buíochas, go raibh maith agat
slante
Anto...

cowgirl said...

Hi Anto!
Thank you very much. :)
If you plan to cold smoke, you will need to brine the cleaned fish in a mixture of 1 1/2 cups of salt per gallon of cool water. While brining, the fish need to keep cool, in a temperature of 38 to 40 degrees F ( the refridgerator works great for this)
That amount of brine will cure 4 pounds of fish.


It helps to either filet the fish or open it to sort of lay flat. Also try to smoke similar sized pieces at the same time.

After brining for 12 hours, the fish need to be rinsed in cold water to remove any salt.
Then the fish need to dry... this can take a two to three hours in a cool place.
This forms a pellicile layer on the outside of the fish.

Then you can "cold" smoke the fish at a temperature of 75 degrees F or below. The longer you smoke the fish, the longer the shelf life after it is smoked. 12 hours of smoke is a good start.

If you want to cook the fish... "hot" smoke it at a higher temperature until it flakes.

My smoke pipe is 5 foot long going to the fire box.

Your apple, oak and pair wood would be great!! If I were you I'd use a log or two of the oak for heat....then add a handful of apple or pair chips for the flavoring.

I use any hard woods I can find. Mainly cured hedge wood. Your oak wood would work great!


I hope this makes sense Anto, please let me know if I didn't explain myself well.

Thank you again and feel free to contact me with any questions.
I would love to see your smokehouse when you get finished.

Thank you!

Antos blog said...

dua duit cowgirl!

thanks that cleared up allot of confusion. ill stick to your method. with the pipe going to the fire box can i youse galvanised flue pipe?
also what's up with putting in the oak log is that just for heating up the fire box before i put the wood chippings in for flavour? how much wood chip will i youse? excuse my ignorance!

thanks again
slán
Anto

cowgirl said...

You are very welcome Anto, glad it helped!

You probably can use galvanized pipe for the smoke pipe. The one I used is double walled. The outer pipe is galvanized and the inside one is not.
The smoke should not get hot enough to make a difference. Galvanized metal puts out a dangerous gas at higher temperatures. With cold smoking...the pipe will not get that hot.

You are right about the wood. The oak would be for heat and the fruit or nut chips would be for flavoring.
I put about 1 handful of chips on top of my heat at a time. The smoke seems to last about an hour before I have to add more.

It's best to use a little smoke at a time instead of a billowing thick white smoke.
I've always been told that if you can smell smoke, you are smoking. Thin blue smoke is the best. :)

It just takes a bit of practice to get the smoke how you want it. I'm sure it will not take you long to figure out what works best for you.

You are not ignorant Anto! I am happy to answer any questions I am able to.

I'm getting ready to leave town for the weekend. If you don't get an answer from me right away, you'll know I've left. :)
Should be back sometime Sunday though.

Hope this helps Anto! Also.. hope you have a great weekend.

Thanks!

stevo said...

cowgirl

its been a while. still working on the smokehouse and other things. Just finished a hog trap. The plan is to make bacon out of a wild hog and compare it to domestic meat. I know it will be thinner. Will cut it at a slant w to make it look thicker:) What do you think? I sent more pictures. I am tenatious and methodical but slow. Hope to be ready when cool weather arrives. I will keep you up to date.

stevo

cowgirl said...

Hey Stevo, good to see ya!
Thanks for sending the pictures too. I like the looks of your hog trap... nice job!

I bet you could cut the bacon on a slant. Bet it will be tasty too!

Within Reach, A Neighborhood Farm said...

Thanks for sharing your knowledge. My buddy and I built a smokehouse very similar to yours after seeing your blog. I broke it in with some sockeye salmon fillet (incredible) and now have it loaded [for the night] with pork from some pigs we raised. A picture of beauty seeing it filled front to back.

How about a recipe page for reference?

Fantastic site for those who prefer that back-to-basics approach. Keep up the great work!

-Russ

cowgirl said...

Thank you Russ,
I'd love to see pics of your smokehouse if you get the time. I'm glad to hear it's working out well for you.

I do not have a separate page for recipes at this time, but they are posted to the right, underneath my profile. :)

stevo said...

Hi Cowgirl.
It's me again. Getting ready to paint the outside of my smokehouse. What did you use on yours?
I am going to use, "Hardiplank, hardy shingles," for my roof. Thought they would give it a rustic appearance. Working on my "smoke box too. Slowly getting close to completion.
One of the first things I plan on smoking is my jerky. Have been making a lot of it but it is not smoked. Just finished a batch. What temperature do you suggest?
I was thinking of putting my two electric dryers in the smoke house and cold smoking the meat and letting the electric dryers provide the actual drying. What do you think. Am I overcomplicating things?

P.S. How did your shrimp do this year?

Stevo

cowgirl said...

Hi Stevo!
Sounds like your house is coming along great!
When I first built my smokehouse I used a clear weather sealant on the outside. This summer I sanded it down a bit and put on a stain/sealer combination. It darkened the wood a bit but I like the looks of it.

I have been smoking my jerky from 130 degrees to 165 or so with no problems.

I'm not sure what your electric dryers are.... would they add heat too? They might work if your firebox isn't getting the temperature high enough for you.

Can't wait to see your set up!

Mr. Banks said...

Hey Cowgirl!

This is great! I live in the city and I keep reading and looking at plans for converting an old rack style refrigerator into a cold smoker using electric hot plates, UGLY. I am definitely going to build this instead since it's more appealing to the eye and it won't take a toll on the energy bill.

Absolutely Awesome!

Corey

cowgirl said...

Hi Corey,
Thank you!
I would love to hear about your smoker when you get it built.
I really like mine... I use it for cold smoking and making jerky, anything smoked at a higher temperature goes into one of my hot smokers.

I'm so glad you like the smokehouse...thanks for stopping by too!
jeanie

Old Hippie said...

Put a crescent moon on the door.
PS. Best "blog" this side of that moon!

cowgirl said...

lol Old Hippie!
I have an "occupied" sign for the door in case my friends get any wild ideas during one of my cookouts. :)

Thanks!! also Thank you for stopping by. :)